The liver is an important organ present in Human body. It plays a major role in metabolism and has a number of functions in the body, including glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells, plasma protein synthesis, and detoxification. This organ also is the largest gland in the human body. It lies below the diaphragm in the thoracic region of the abdomen. It produces bile, an alkaline compound which aids in digestion, via the emulsification of lipids. It also performs and regulates a wide variety of high-volume biochemical reactions requiring specialized tissues.
[Ref. By Wikipedia ]
The portal vein carries blood containing digested food from the small intestine. These blood vessels subdivide in the liver repeatedly, terminating in very small capillaries. Each capillary leads to a lobule. Liver tissue is composed of thousands of lobules, and each lobule is made up of hepatic cells, the basic metabolic cells of the liver.
Functions of Liver :
Chemical processing factory :
Hepatic cells make up about 60 percent of your liver tissue. These specialised liver cells carry out more chemical processes than any other group of cells in your body. They change most of the nutrients you consume into forms your body cells can use. They
- Convert sugars and store and release them as needed, thereby regulating your blood sugar level.
- Break down fats and produce cholesterol.
- Remove ammonia from your body and produce blood proteins, including blood clotting factors.
Other functions of your hepatic cells are to :
- Detoxify drugs and alcohol
- Produce bile, which breaks down fats in the food your eat
Security guard :
A second important group of liver cells are the Kupffer cells. They
- Remove damaged red blood cells
- Destroy microbes and cell debris
[ Ref. by http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/liver/index.html.]
Liver disease :
Liver disease is a term for a collection of conditions, diseases, and infections that affect the cells, tissues, structures, or functions of the liver.
- A rare but severe form of the liver infection called acute fulminant hepatitis causes liver failure.
- cirrhosis, which is a serious condition that causes tissues and cells in the liver to be replaced by scar tissue.
- type I glycogen storage disease, which causes problems in controlling blood sugars when a person fasts
- porphyria, a condition that causes a malfunction in how the body uses porphyrins.
- Alcohol-related liver diseases include fatty liver disease, which causes an enlarged liver , alcoholic hepatitis , alcoholic cirrhosis.
[Ref. by http://uimc.discoveryhospital.com/main.php?id=3307 & other internet sources.]
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